The noun
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This public article was written by [Deactivated User] on 5 Mar 2016, 14:42.
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1. Formation of words
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3. Sample texts
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4. The adjective
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5. The adverb
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6. The conjunction
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7. The interjection
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9. The numeral
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10. The preposition
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11. The pronoun
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== II. THE NOUN ==§2.9. As a general rule, nouns end in {–o}. There are some exceptions, like plurals (§3) and feminine words (§5).
§3. The Neutral language II has only one declension for all nouns:
SINGULAR
Nominative: {domo} the or a house
Genitive: {de domo} of the or a house
Dative: {a domo} to the or a house
Accusative: {domo} the or a house
PLURAL
Nominative: {domos} the houses
Genitive: {de domos} of the houses
Dative: {a domos} to the houses
Accusative: {domos} the houses
The accusative is distinguished from the nominative by its place in the sentence: the nominative stands before the
verb, the accusative after the verb, e. g. {mi closa <porta>}, I lock the door; {patro punia <filio>}, the father
punishes the son. The accusative can placed before the verb, if the particle {an} is placed the before the
accusative: {cato
The dative can be used also without the preposition {a}, and in that case it is indicated by a fixed place in the
sentence, namely before the accusative; this applies particularly to pronouns, e. g. {ilo ere dona <mi> libro}, he
gave me a book; {ilo mita <mi> floros}, he sends me flowers.
§4. There is no article; accordingly the English articles the and a, an are not translated, and conversely the word
domo can mean the house as well as a house; which meaning is to be taken can be almost always determined from the
context. If the word a stands for a certain, it is translated by {serti}: {serti domo}, a house, a certain house; but
if it stands for some, any, it is translated by {som} or {un}: {som domo} or {un domo}, a house, some house. If
we wish to refer to a definite object, the demonstrative pronouns can be used: {isti domo}, this house; {eli domo},
that house.
§5. Nouns are (1) of the masculine gender, if they denote persons or animals of the male sex, (2) of the feminine
gender, if they denote persons or animals of the female sex, and (3) of the neuter gender in all other cases.
Mascullne nouns are formed by the addition of the suffix {-ido}, e. g. {caval
and feminine nouns by the addition of the suffix {-ida}, e. g. {caval
§6. Diminutives are formed by the addition of the element {-et}, e. g. {sigar<et>o} cigarette, {caval<et>o} pony,
{fili<et>ida} little daughter.
§7. Designations for not full-grown (young) animals are formed by compounds with the word {yuni} young, e. g.
{yuni-cavalo} colt, {yuni-rano} tadpole.
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