The adjective
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1. Formation of words
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3. Sample texts
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4. The adjective
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5. The adverb
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6. The conjunction
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7. The interjection
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9. The numeral
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10. The preposition
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11. The pronoun
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== III. THE ADJECTIVE ==§7.9. Adjectives end in {–i}.
§8. Adjectives are distinguished as primitive, e. g. {grandi} great, {fasili} easy, and derivative, which are formed
from other parts of speech by the addition of one of the seven suffixes {-abli}, {-ali}, {-ani}, {-atri}, {-idi},
{-iki}, {-osi}.
Adjectives in {-abli} show that something is possible or worthy, with a passive meaning; this suffix is used
principally with verbal roots, e. g. {comprendabli} comprehensible, intelligible, {convenabli} suitable, fitting.
The suffix {-ali} is used instead of the suffix {-iki} (see below), if the root ends in {-i}/{–ic}/{-ik}, e. g.
{superfisiali} superficial, {gramaticali} grammatical, {tekinicali} technical.
Adjectives in {-ani} show appurtenance to someone or something, e. g. {americani} American.
Adjectives in {-atri} indicate similarity or likeness; this suffix can be joined to substantive and adjective roots,
e. g. {petratri} stone-like, petrous, {verdatri} greenish.
Adjectives in {-idi} show a quality of someone or of something; this suffix is used with verbal roots, e. g.
{timidi} timid, {esplendidi} splendid, bright.
Adjectives in {-osi} indicate a fullness or multitude of anything, e.g. {petrosi} stony, {oleosi} oily, {lanosi}
woolly, {amorosi} amorous.
The suffix {-iki} is the general adjective suffix; it indicates quality and is used to form derivative adjectives, for
which the remaining suffixes, {-abli}, {-ani}, {-atri}, {-idi}, {-osi}, are not suitable because of their special
signification, e. g. {eletriki} electric, {rusiki} Russian, {aniki} annual, {Atlantiki} Atlantic, {fantastiki}
fantastic, {galavaniki} galvanic, {hastiki} hasty, {historiki} historic, {homiki} human, {horisontiki} horizontal,
{idealiki} ideal, {identiki} identical, {laniki} woolen, etc.
§9. Comparison takes place by putting before the adjective the adverbs plu, for the comparative, and leplu for the
superlative, e. g. plu grandi greater, leplu grandi greatest.
The conjunction than after the comparative is translated by ca, e. g. vo es plu grand ca mi, you are taller than I.
So—as, as—as, are rendered by tale—cuale, e. g. vo es tale grandi cuale mi, you are as tall as I.
The adverb very is translated by multe, e. g. multe grandi very great.
§10. The adjective generally follows the substantive to which it belongs, e. g. domo grandi the large house, linguo
universali the universal language, and does not change for number or gender, e. g. patro boni the good father,
filida boni the good daughter, filios boni the good children. Adjectives are declined to the plural only if they
refer to more than one noun, e. g. viros e feminos rikis, rich men and rich women.
§12. It is not allowed to form a verb from an adjective by means of the general verbal suffixes, but, for the sake
of clearness, either the verb esar to be, or one of the suffixes, – ifar or –escar, is to be used, e. g. esar sani
to be well (healthy), sanifar to heal, sanescar to recover, to convalesce.
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