Jutisk Pronunciation, Orthography, and Sound Changes
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A guide to one of the most confusing sides of Jutisk.
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 1 Jul 2019, 17:43.
[comments] jtsjutiskphonologyorthographysound changesgermanicproto-germanicold high german
1. Jutisk Grammar
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3. Jutisk Samples
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5. Jutisk Syntax
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| Orthography | IPA (Common) | IPA (Traditional) | Old High German counterpart |
|---|---|---|---|
| a | a | a | a |
| á | ɑ: | a: | ā |
| e | e | e | e |
| é | e: | e: | ē |
| ë | ɛ/ə | ɛ | ë/e |
| ëí | ɨ | əi | ei |
| i | ɪ (I in some stressed syllables) | i | i |
| í | i: | i: | ī |
| o | ɔ | o | o |
| ó | o: | o: | ō |
| œ | œ: | œ | O with umlaut |
| oo | æ:/a: | a | á with umlaut |
| u | ʊ (U in some stressed syllables) | u | u |
| ú | u: | u: | ū |
| ui | y: | y | u with umlaut |
| Orthography | IPA (Common) | IPA (Traditional) | Old High German counterpart |
|---|---|---|---|
| b | b | b | b |
| ç | ç | ç | hh |
| ch | x: | x | hh |
| d | d | d | d |
| f | f | f | f |
| g | g | g | g |
| h | h/silent | h | h |
| j | j/ʒ: at the start of some words | j | j |
| k | k | k | c/k |
| l | l | l | l |
| m | m | m | m |
| n | n | n | n |
| ng | ŋ | ŋg | ng |
| p | p | p | p |
| pf | ɸ: | ɸ: | pf |
| r | ɹ | r | r |
| s | s | s | s |
| sk | tʃ | ç: | sk |
| t | t | t | t |
| th | θ: | θ: | ts/z |
| v | v | v | v |
| w | w | v | w |
| x | tʃ | ç: | ks |
| z | z/θ, though they are often both pronounced z | z/θ | z/th |
Jutisk has taken many loanwords from various languages, especially those near it. Letters in loanwords are often pronounced differently than they are in Jutisk. Note that k is sometimes written c in words of Latin origin.
Latin:
| Latin spelling | Jutisk spelling | Jutisk pronunciation |
|---|---|---|
| a | a | a |
| ā | á | á |
| ae | oo | oo |
| au | oo | oo |
| b | b | b |
| c | k | Like k before a back vowel and like x before a front vowel |
| e | e, ë at end of words | e, ë at end of words |
| ē | é | é |
| ei | é | é |
| eu | eu | ui |
| f | f | f |
| g | g | Like g before back vowel, like ç before front vowel |
| gn | gn | nj |
| h | h | h |
| i | i | i (always like stressed) |
| ī | í | í |
| j | j (always soft) | j |
| l | l | l |
| m | m | m |
| n | n | n |
| o | o | o |
| ō | ó | ó |
| oe | oo | oo |
| p | p | p |
| qu | qu | k |
| r | r | r |
| s | s | s |
| sc | sk | Like s and k before back vowel, like sk before front vowel |
| t | t | t |
| u | u | u (always like stressed) |
| ū | ú | ú |
| ui | ui | ui |
| v | v | v |
| x | x | ks |
| z | z | dz |
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