Proto-Shomaic [PSHOM]
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Proto-Shomaic
Proto-ShomaicRegistered by
[Deactivated User] on 9 October 2022
Language type
Proto-Conlang
Species
Human/humanoid
About Proto-Shomaic
More specifically "Late Proto-Shomaic". A posteriori proto-conlang, stemming from Koine-influenced Laconian Doric Greek. Less zany than Tsakonian, I think, but very archaic in vocabulary.
Shows distinctive Doric features; most notably the unraised "ᾱ" and retained "ϝ" preceding non-front vowels; /w/ > /v/.
Underwent most of main Greek sound-changes, with some notable exceptions:
- "υ" /y/ changes to /ju/ instead of /i/.
- "οι" /oi̯/ changes to /o̞e̯/ instead of /i/ and triggers labialisation if word-initial.
- /p, t, k/ did not merge with their geminated counterparts, which became distinct aspirated /pʰ, tʰ, kʰ/.
Underwent distinct Laconian sound changes:
- word-final /s/ > /r/.
- /θ/ > /s/ (here coupled with /ð/ > /z/).
Early-Proto-Shomaic specific sound changes:
- "ε" and "η" /e̞/ > /je̞/. Contrast this with unchanged αι /e̞/.
- word-initial "ο" and "ω" /o̞/ > /vo̞/.
- /u.(w)V/ > /u.vV/
- /l/ > /ʎ/ before /i/ and /j/, as well when geminated and word-initial. /l/ > /r/ elsewhere.
- /n/ > /ɲ/ before /i/ and /j/, as well when geminated.
- /r, r̥/ > /r̝, r̝̥/ before /i/ and /j/.
- /Cn/ > /Cʎ/ before /i/ and /j/. /Cn/ > /Cr/ elsewhere.
- /mn/ > /mbn/ > /mbr/.
- Former AG "θρ", "δρ" /sr, zr/ > /str, zdr/.
- etc.
Middle-Proto-Shomaic specific sound changes:
- Nasal consonants disappear from syllable coda, leaving behind voiced phonemes /b, d, g/ and lenition and liaison phenomena.
- word-final /r/ disappears. Now only in liaison.
- /ʎ/ > /l/ once again, leaving behind many rhotacised words.
- /ɲ/ > /n/ once again.
- /r̝, r̝̥/ > /ʒ, ʃ/.
- /sp, st, sk/ > /pʰ, tʰ, kʰ/.
- /xt/ > /ft/. Afterwards /ftr/ > /tʰr/.
- /t, tʰ, d/ > /t͡s, t͡sʰ, d͡z/ before /i/ and /j/.
- /k, kʰ, g/ > /t͡ʃ, t͡ʃʰ, d͡ʒ/ before /i/ and /j/.
- /s, z, t͡s, d͡z/ > /ʃ, ʒ, t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ/ before /i/ and /j/.
- /Vvm/ > /Vwm/ > /Vo̯m/.
- /a.o̞, e̞.o̞/ > /äo̯, e̞o̯/.
- /i.a, i.o̞/ > /e̯ä, e̯o̞/.
- /r-r/ > /l-r/.
- Epenthetic k. /rs, rz/ > /rks/.
- /fʃ, vʒ, xʃ, ɣʒ/ > /pʃ, bʒ, kʃ, gʒ/.
Shows distinctive Doric features; most notably the unraised "ᾱ" and retained "ϝ" preceding non-front vowels; /w/ > /v/.
Underwent most of main Greek sound-changes, with some notable exceptions:
- "υ" /y/ changes to /ju/ instead of /i/.
- "οι" /oi̯/ changes to /o̞e̯/ instead of /i/ and triggers labialisation if word-initial.
- /p, t, k/ did not merge with their geminated counterparts, which became distinct aspirated /pʰ, tʰ, kʰ/.
Underwent distinct Laconian sound changes:
- word-final /s/ > /r/.
- /θ/ > /s/ (here coupled with /ð/ > /z/).
Early-Proto-Shomaic specific sound changes:
- "ε" and "η" /e̞/ > /je̞/. Contrast this with unchanged αι /e̞/.
- word-initial "ο" and "ω" /o̞/ > /vo̞/.
- /u.(w)V/ > /u.vV/
- /l/ > /ʎ/ before /i/ and /j/, as well when geminated and word-initial. /l/ > /r/ elsewhere.
- /n/ > /ɲ/ before /i/ and /j/, as well when geminated.
- /r, r̥/ > /r̝, r̝̥/ before /i/ and /j/.
- /Cn/ > /Cʎ/ before /i/ and /j/. /Cn/ > /Cr/ elsewhere.
- /mn/ > /mbn/ > /mbr/.
- Former AG "θρ", "δρ" /sr, zr/ > /str, zdr/.
- etc.
Middle-Proto-Shomaic specific sound changes:
- Nasal consonants disappear from syllable coda, leaving behind voiced phonemes /b, d, g/ and lenition and liaison phenomena.
- word-final /r/ disappears. Now only in liaison.
- /ʎ/ > /l/ once again, leaving behind many rhotacised words.
- /ɲ/ > /n/ once again.
- /r̝, r̝̥/ > /ʒ, ʃ/.
- /sp, st, sk/ > /pʰ, tʰ, kʰ/.
- /xt/ > /ft/. Afterwards /ftr/ > /tʰr/.
- /t, tʰ, d/ > /t͡s, t͡sʰ, d͡z/ before /i/ and /j/.
- /k, kʰ, g/ > /t͡ʃ, t͡ʃʰ, d͡ʒ/ before /i/ and /j/.
- /s, z, t͡s, d͡z/ > /ʃ, ʒ, t͡ʃ, d͡ʒ/ before /i/ and /j/.
- /Vvm/ > /Vwm/ > /Vo̯m/.
- /a.o̞, e̞.o̞/ > /äo̯, e̞o̯/.
- /i.a, i.o̞/ > /e̯ä, e̯o̞/.
- /r-r/ > /l-r/.
- Epenthetic k. /rs, rz/ > /rks/.
- /fʃ, vʒ, xʃ, ɣʒ/ > /pʃ, bʒ, kʃ, gʒ/.
Sample of Proto-ShomaicCan't find any yet.
Language family relationships
Language treeHellenic
⤷ Proto-Greek
⤷ Doric
⤷
Proto-Shomaic
⤷ Proto-Greek
⤷ Doric
⤷
Proto-ShomaicPhonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Alveolar | Post- Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||||||||
| Plosive | p pʰ | b | t tʰ | d | k kʰ | g | ||||||||
| Fricative | f | v | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | [ʝ]1 | x | ɣ | h2 | ||||
| Affricate | t͡s t͡sʰ | d͡z | t͡ʃ t͡ʃʰ | d͡ʒ | ||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l | |||||||||||||
| Approximant | j | |||||||||||||
| Trill | r | |||||||||||||
- allophone of /j/
- Epenthetic word-initial. Disappears under liaison
| Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
| Close | i | u | ||||
| Close-mid | e̯ | o̯ | ||||
| Mid | e̞ | o̞ | ||||
| Open | ä | |||||
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Proto-Shomaic. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
| Proto-ShomaicOrthography | ||||||||||
| Aa/ä/ | Áá/ä/ | Bb/b/ | Čč/t͡ʃ/ | Čʰ čʰ/t͡ʃʰ/ | Dd/d/ | DZ dz/d͡z/ | DŽ dž/d͡ʒ/ | Ee/e̞/ | Éé/e̞/ | E̯ e̯/e̯/ |
| Ff/f/ | Gg/g/ | Hh/h/1 | Ii/i/ | Íí/i/ | I̯ i̯/j/ | Kk/k/ | Kʰ kʰ/kʰ/ | Ll/l/ | Mm/m/ | Nn/n/ |
| Óó/o̞/ | Oo/o̞/ | O̯ o̯/o̯/ | Pp/p/ | Pʰ pʰ/pʰ/ | Rr/r/ | Ss/s/ | Šš/ʃ/ | Tt/t/ | TS ts/t͡s/ | TSʰ tsʰ/t͡sʰ/ |
| Tʰ tʰ/tʰ/ | Úú/u/ | Uu/u/ | Vv/v/ | Xx/x/ | Žž/ʒ/ | Zz/z/ | Ɣɣ/ɣ/ | Ʝʝ[ʝ] | ||
| ✖ Unknown alphabetical order | ||||||||||
- Epenthetic word-initial. Disappears under liaison
