Proto-Indo-Caucasian [PINC]
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Proto-Indo-Caucasian
Oželt Kavkasi [oʒelt̪ kävkäsi]*
Proto-Indo-CaucasianOželt Kavkasi [oʒelt̪ kävkäsi]*
Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 31 October 2020
Language type
Proto-Conlang
Species
Human/humanoid
Sample of Proto-Indo-CaucasianCan't find any yet.
Phonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post- Alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Epiglottal | Glottal | ||||||||||||
| Nasal | m | n̪ | ŋ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Plosive | p pʼ | b | t̪ t̪ʼ | d̪ | k kʼ kʼʷ kʼʲ kʷ kʲ | g gʷ gʲ | q qʼ qʼʷ qʼʲ qʷ qʲ | ɢ ɢʷ | ʔ | |||||||||||||||
| Fricative | f | v | s | z | ʃ ʃʷ | ʒ ʒʷ | ʂ | ʐ | ɕ | ʑ | ç | x xʷ | ɣ ɣʷ | χ χʷ | ʁ ʁʷ | ʜ | ʢ | h | ||||||
| Affricate | t͡s t͡sʼ | d͡z | t͡ʃ t͡ʃʼ | d͡ʒ | ʈ͡ʂ ʈ͡ʂʼ | ɖ͡ʐ | t͡ɕ t͡ɕʼ | d͡ʑ | q͡χ q͡χʼ | |||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lateral fricative | ɬ | ɮ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | j | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Flap | ɾ ɾ̩ | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
| Close | i i: | y y: | u u: | |||
| Close-mid | e e: | ɘ ɘ: | o o: | |||
| Near-open | æ æ: | |||||
| Open | ä ä: | |||||
| Polyphthongs | ia | äi | eu | äu | oi | ei | ɘu | ou |
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Proto-Indo-Caucasian. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
 Proto-Indo-CaucasianOrthography [edit] | |||||||||
| â/æ:/ | å/æ/ | a/ä/ | ā/ä:/ | b/b/ | c/t͡s/ | ć/t͡ɕ/ | č/t͡ʃ/ | ċ/ʈ͡ʂ/ | č̣/t͡ʃʼ/ |
| c̣/t͡sʼ/ | ć̣/t͡ɕʼ/ | ċ̣/ʈ͡ʂʼ/ | d/d̪/ | e/e/ | ē/e:/ | f/f/ | ĝ/ɢ/ | ģ/ʁ/ | g/g/ |
| gʷ/gʷ/ | ģʷ/ʁʷ/ | ĝʷ/ɢʷ/ | gʸ/gʲ/ | h/h/ | i/i/ | ī/i:/ | j/j/ | k/k/ | kʷ/kʷ/ |
| kʸ/kʲ/ | ḳ/kʼ/ | ḳʷ/kʼʷ/ | ḳʸ/kʼʲ/ | ḷ/ɮ/ | l/l/ | m/m/ | n/n̪/ | o/o/ | ō/o:/ |
| p/p/ | ṗ/pʼ/ | q/q/ | qʷ/qʷ/ | qʸ/qʲ/ | q̇/qʼ/ | q̇ʷ/qʼʷ/ | q̇ʸ/qʼʲ/ | Q̇χ q̇χ/q͡χʼ/ | Qχ qχ/q͡χ/ |
| r/ɾ/ | r̥/ɾ̩/ | š/ʃ/ | ś/ɕ/ | ș/ʂ/ | s/s/ | šʷ/ʃʷ/ | t/t̪/ | ṭ/t̪ʼ/ | ů/y:/ |
| u/u/ | ü/y/ | ū/u:/ | v/v/ | x/x/ | xʷ/xʷ/ | xʸ/ç/ | y/ɘ/ | ȳ/ɘ:/ | z/z/ |
| ź/ʑ/ | ž/ʒ/ | žʷ/ʒʷ/ | z̦/ʐ/ | ħ/ʜ/ | ŋ/ŋ/ | ʒ/d͡z/ | ǯ/d͡ʒ/ | ʒ́/d͡ʑ/ | ʒ̇/ɖ͡ʐ/ |
| ʕ/ʢ/ | ʻ/ʔ/ | γ/ɣ/ | γʷ/ɣʷ/ | λ/ɬ/ | χ/χ/ | χʷ/χʷ/ | |||
| ✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change] | |||||||||
