Iùdhais [IUD]
▲
5▲ 5 ▼ 0
Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 9 October 2023
Language type
A posteriori
Place & SpeakersIùdhais is spoken by a population of around 180,000 in Alba.
Species
Human/humanoid
Sample of Iùdhais[view] אים אַנפֿענגע באַשעופּ גאֹט הײבֿן און ערדן. און ערדע װאַס אײַדל און עמטיגֿ, און חשך װאַס אַן ער תּהוֹמ'ע בֿליסע, און גאֹטס גאָסט שװעובֿ אַן אָרע װאַסרע בֿליסע. / / דֿאָ װֿאַד גאֹט: יעװערּע ליכֿד. און ליכֿד װײרּד יעבֿראֹכֿט. און גאֹט יעזײך אַס ליכֿד דֿע העס גוּט װאַס, און גאֹט ערטײלטע אַס ליכֿד אֹם חשכֿ'ע. און גאֹט יעהעכֿט אַס ליכֿד טײגֿ און ען חשך יעהעכֿט היּ נ...[view all texts]
Language family relationships
[edit] [view] אַרינּיהוּדֿיש (Arainn Iùdhais)The Arainn dialect is used on the isle of Arainn and the south of the Cinn Tìre peninsula. The dialect is notable for a number of phonological changes, including the merger of /h/ and /ʍ/ with /x/ and /w/ with /v/. Furthermore, /t/ and /d/ are often lenited to /h/ and /ɣ/ in the coda position, and as with many highland dialects palatalisation occurs. The most striking feature of the dialect is the preservation of long /lˠː/, /n̪ˠː/ and /rˠː/, for example /vilˠː/ in place of standard /wiːlˠ/.
[edit] [view] קעשליהוּדֿיש (Caisteal Iùdhais)Caistail Iùdhais is a mixture of the urban and southern dialects of Iùdhais. It has more significant gaelic borrowings than other Northumbrian dialects of Iùdhais, and a mixture of Iùdhais, Gàidhlig and Cuimris is spoken as slang within the town. Phonologically, similar to other lowland dialects, there is voicing of stops, so /t̪/, /p/ and /k/ of standard Iùdhais are /d̪/, /b/ and /g/. Furthermore, /t̪ʰ/ becomes /tʔ/. There is also often vocalisation of coda /l/, thus קעשל is pronounced /kʰɛʃʊ/.
[edit] [view] כֿיוֹאבֿעריהוּדֿיש (Cheò Iùdhais)Spoken on the Isle of Sgitheanach and part of Leòdhais. Notable amongst the western dialects for retention of the neuter gender, unlike most dialects in the highlands and isles. However, similar to other dialects in the Rìoghachd nan Eilean it is phonologically strongly influenced by the Norse-Gaelic dialects of Scottish Gaelic, with processes such as palatalisation. It is sometimes known as the language of song, with many works of music and literature produced in the language.
[edit] [view] אײרּגעידֿליהוּדֿיש (Earra-Ghàidheal Iùdhais)This dialect is spoken in much of Earra-Ghàidheal. Some features of the dialect are a lack of the neuter gender, and importantly the innovation of a future tense. The plural indicative present of a verb is pronounced as /əɣ/ rather than /u/ as in the standard language.
[edit] [view] קאַסינסיהוּדֿיש (Gallaibh Iùdhais)This dialect is heavily influenced by the local Norn language, with grammatical features such as a retention of the neuter gender, and definite suffixes instead of separate articles as in all other dialects. It is also the only dialect of Iùdhais with an indefinite article (a declined form of אַןּ). There are other phonological differences, such as a merger of /ɾ/ and /rˠ/, /l/ and /l̪ˠ/, and /n/ and /n̪ˠ/. The vowels /ɤ(ː)/ and /ɯ(ː)/ are /ø(ː)/ and /ʏ(ː)/ respectively.
[edit] [view] לאֹכֿלאַנדיהוּדֿיש (Lochlann Iùdhais)Spoken in a small area around Loch Laomainn and east of Glaschu, the dialect shows significant conservatism in the phonology, such as retention of the phonemes /θ/ and /ð/, and the vowels /æ/, /ø/ and /y/. Thus the word Iùdhais is pronounced /yːðɨʃ/ in the dialect, rather than the standard /juːɣɪʃ/. There is also retention of the phoneme /t/ in many words where it has become /s̪/ in other dialects, and old ænglisc /d/ stays as such in Lochlann Iùdhais.
[edit] [view] לוֹטינּיהוּדֿיש (Lodainn Iùdhais)Spoken in the towns and villages around Dùn Éideann and throughout the Lodainn region, it is different to the Iùdhais of the capital, preserving far more conservative phonological and lexical features, whilst at the same time having certain phonological innovations. For example, /lt̪/, /n̪t̪/ and /ɾt̪/ merge fully with /lˠ/, /n̪ˠ/ and /rˠ/, and /ʍ/ is often pronounced /xw/, especially by older speakers. /ɔː/, /iː/ /eː/ and /aː/ are realised as /ɔi/, /ei/, /iː/ and /ɔː/ respectively.
[edit] [view] דרומ'יהוּדֿיש (Southern Iùdhais)This dialect is spoken in historical Northumbria and Cumbria in the South of Alba. It has thus both Brythonic and Huimrais influence in the lexicon and pronunciation, as well as significant Old Norse influence in the vocabulary. For example standard נימען (nimen) is טאַקאַ (taca) in Southern Iùdhais. There is also far less Gàidhlig influence. Phonologically, similar to other lowland dialects, there is voicing of stops, so /t̪/, /p/ and /k/ of standard Iùdhais are /d̪/, /b/ and /g/.
[edit] [view] פֿעסטיהוּדֿיש (Standard Iùdhais)Variably called Standard (פֿעסט) Iùdhais, Mid-Eastern Iùdhais or Peairt (פּײרט) Iùdhais, this dialect is spoken across the mid-east of Alba, including in the traditional capital city of Peairt. For this reason, it is often considered the standard dialect of the language. It is the dialect used in the heochsgòile (Jewish schools), newspapers, learning material and on the internet. It is notable for less influence from Norse or modern Chuimrais than southern dialects.
[edit] [view] אויבֿשטיהוּדֿיש (Uibhist Iùdhais)A highly endangered dialect, due to both pressure from the Cheò and Leòdhais dialects and anti-semitic attitudes from the local devout catholic community. The only place that it is not endangered is the archipelago of Hiort, where the isolated community of about 80 people still speak the language, although with worsening conditions on the island, it could be that the Uibhist dialect dies out within a generation.
[edit] [view] דײַניהוּדֿיש (Urban Iùdhais)Urban Iùdhais is the dialect spoken in the largest cities of Dùn Éideann and Glaschu. It is notable for greater use of Gaelic words and constructions, with a loss of V2 word order in the dialect, and greater degree of palatalisation. This form of Iùdhais has had significant influence on Glaschu slang, with borrowed words including blùidh (בלאֹע) - drunk, ganabh (גנבֿ) - thief, na chaidheannan (חיותֿ) - the police, seachait (שקט) - shut up, and chùspadh (חוּצפּא) - insolence.
Phonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Alveolar | Post- Alveolar | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | Glottal | ||||||||
| Nasal | m | n n̪ˠ | [ŋ] | |||||||||||||
| Plosive | p pʰ | t̪ t̪ʰ | k (kʰ) | ʔ | ||||||||||||
| Fricative | f | v | (s̪) | z | ʃ | x | ɣ | h | ||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l l̪ˠ | |||||||||||||||
| Approximant | j | ʍ | w | |||||||||||||
| Trill | rˠ | |||||||||||||||
| Flap | ɾ | |||||||||||||||
| Vowels | Front | Near- front | Central | Back | ||||
| Close | i i: | ɯ ɯ: | u u: | |||||
| Near-close | ɪ | |||||||
| Close-mid | e e: | ɤ ɤ: | o o: | |||||
| Mid | ə | |||||||
| Open-mid | ɛ ɛ: | ɔ ɔ: | ||||||
| Open | a a: | |||||||
| Polyphthongs | ɤi | ai | au | ɔu | ia | ɔi | ei | ɯi |
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Iùdhais. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
 IùdhaisOrthography [edit] | ||||||||||
| א שטילער אַלף /ʔ/ | אָ/a:/ | אַ פּתּח אַלף /a/ | אֹ/ɔ/ | אֹע/ɯ:/ | ב/p/ | בֿ בֿיתֿ /v/ | ג/k/ | גֿ גֿימל /ɣ/ | ד/t̪/ | דֿ דֿלתֿ /ɣ/ |
| ה הא /h/ | ו/u/ | וֹ/o:/ | וּ שׁוּרוק /u:/ | וֹא הוֹלם ואו /ɔ:/ | וי/ɯ/ | וֹי/ɤ/ | װ צװעין ואוים /w/ | װֿ װֿאו /ʍ/ | ז/z/ | ח חיתֿ /x/1 |
| ט טית /t̪ʰ/ | י/i/ | יּ מפּיק יודֿ /i:/ | ײ עין /ɛ/ | ײַ צװאָ יודֿותֿ /e:/ | כּ כּף /kʰ/2 | כֿ כֿף /x/ | ך לאַנגע כֿף /x/ | ל למדֿ /l/ | לּ/l̪ˠ/ | מ מם /m/ |
| ם יעלאֹכֿן מם /m/ | נ נון /n/ | ן לאַנגע נון /n/ | נּ/n̪ˠ/ | ןּ/n̪ˠ/ | ס סמך /s̪/ | ע/e/ | עו/ia/ | עי/ɛ:/ | פּ פּא /pʰ/ | פֿ פֿא /f/ |
| ף לאַנגע פֿא /f/ | צ/s̪/3 | ץ/s̪/4 | ק קוף /kʰ/ | ר/ɾ/ | רּ ריש /rˠ/ | ש שין /ʃ/ | תּ תּו /t̪ʰ/5 | תֿ תֿו /s̪/6 | שׂ שׂין /s̪/7 | |
| ✔ Shown in correct order [change] | ||||||||||
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
Latest 8 related articles listed below.
Iùdhais grammar (1)
short grammar of Iùdhais
14-Mar-24 13:48Alban Hebrew
short description of Alban Hebrew
15-Feb-24 20:49
