Mañi to Mahian
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Chain shifts aplenty.
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 1 Dec 2023, 17:39.
[comments] maahthe mahia
1. Mañi to Mahian
?
?
?FYI...
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
From
Mañi to 
Mahian.Sound changes are probably mostly done, likely gonna be more vowel lengthening and shifts.
Grammar changes yet to be done.
Categories:
P = Plosives and implosives
N = Nasals
O = Oral consonants
K = Obstruents
F = Fricatives
Y = Palatals (ɲ c ʃ j)
B = Labial and velar obstruents
T = Alveolar and palatal obstruents
A thing to help with tone stuff
V > V̄ ! V̀,V́
Vowel denasalization
ɑ̃ ɪ̃ ʊ̃ > ɑ ɪ ʊ
Vowel breaking
à,è,ì,ò,ù,ɪ̀,ʊ̀,ɑ̀ > àì̯,èì̯,ìə̯̀,ùì̯,ùi̯,ùì̯,àì̯ / _T
à,è,ì,ò,ù,ɪ̀,ʊ̀,ɑ̀ > àì̯,èì̯,ìə̯̀,ùì̯,ùì̯,ùì̯,àì̯ / _C{i,e}
à,è,ì,ò,ù,ɪ̀,ʊ̀,ɑ̀ > àù̯,òù̯,ìə̯̀,òù̯,ùə̯,àù̯,ùə̯̀,òù̯ / _B
à,è,ì,ò,ù,ɪ̀,ʊ̀,ɑ̀ > àù̯,òù̯,ìə̯̀,òù̯,ùə̯̀,àù̯,ùə̯,ou / _C{u,o}
Palatal stuff
ʃ > s
ɑ,a,e,ɪ > a,e,ɪ,i / _tʃ
ɬ tɬ > ʃ tʃ
tʃ > c
Tone messing
V́ V̄ > V̄ V̀ / _ʔ
V̄ V̀ > V́ V̄ / _h
Voiced plosives
N > [+place] / _P
mb nd ŋg > b d g
g > h / V_V
g > ŋ / _#
g > w
b d > ɓ ɗ
Post-consonantal denasalization and metathesis
{m,ŋ},n,ɲ > w,ɾ,j / C_ ! {m,ŋ}_
Retroflex chain shift
ɭ > ɻ (sporadic, mostly by association)
i e a > u o ɑ / _ɻ
ɻ > w / _u,o,ɑ
V[-round]w > V[+round] / K_
wV[-round] > V[+round] / _K
ɻ > j
w > v (free variation, also with [ʋ])
{ɭ,ɽ} > ɻ
V > Vː / _ɻ
ɻ ɭ > ɻ (in some dialects)
ɻ ɭ > {ɾ,Ø} {l,Ø} (in others)
Pitch accent generation
V́ > V́[+stress]
V̄ > V́ / V́**(C)_
V̄ > V̀ / V̀**(C)_
- ʔ
+ ʔ / #_V
Vowel shifts
ɑ > ə
ɪ ʊ > e o ! _# ; i u
ə e o > a i u / _# (sporadic, mostly in grammatical endings)
V: > VV
ə, a, e > a, e, i / _Y (somewhat rare, sporadic)
Vː > V / _ʔ
Gemination
ʔp ʔt > ɓ ɗ
{ʔ, h}C, C{ʔ, h} > Cː
C¹C² > C¹ / _#
P¹P² > P²ː
N¹N² > N¹ː
C¹{a, ɔ}C¹ > C¹ː / V_V (sporadic)
ʔː > hː
Vː > V / _Cː
Diphthongs
VVj > VjV / (sporadic)
aa ee ii oo uu əə > aː eː iː oː uː əː
{e, i} {o, u} > i̯ u̯ / V_
ii̯ oi̯ əi̯ > iː ui̯ ai̯
uu̯ iu̯ əu̯ > uː ui̯ au̯
{e, o, ə, a} > ə̯ / {i,u}_
Assimilate.
N > N[+place] / _C
Allophonic changes
P > Pʰ > / _{i, u}
Only in Low Mahian:
N > ŋ / _#
P > ʔ / _{#, C}
F[-voice] > h / _{#, C}
F[+voice] > / _{#, C}
SCE Rules (WIP):
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To Imperial Mahian
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To High (written) Mahian
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To Low (spoken, colloquial) Mahian
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