Word Order
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This article goes over some of the common ways of how to express certain ideas using the different grammatical forms and Word orders
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 9 Jun 2023, 17:00.
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2. Adpositions
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9. Lesson #6 (Tense)
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10. Lesson 2 (Basics)
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11. New vocab (Tep Jeks)
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13. Word Order
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There is a lot of grammatical variation in how one could express a sentence in Arusian. Arusian's word order is topic/comment based, meaning that the subject, object, and verbs changes positions in a sentence depending on their importance in a sentence. The first word of a sentence is always the topic and the comment is anything described after it. Here are a few examples of a fews sentences in all the possible word orders:
I like/want milk.
. cal ruo ul .h SVO
1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I want-VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb milk
/lu ouwɜ lak/
. ,r suo cal as ul .h SOV
1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I COPCopula
used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate.ADJAdjectival
syntactic milk want-VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb.OBJObject (argument)
/lu sa lak ous ɛ/
. ruo ul as cal .h OSV
milk COPCopula
used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate.ADJAdjectival
syntactic 1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I want-VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb
/lak sa lu ouwɜ/
. ul ,r suo cal .h OVS
milk want-VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb.OBJObject (argument) 1SFirst person singular (person)
speaker, signer, etc.; I
/lak ous ɛ lu/
Notice how the verb "to want/like" changes form from ruo to ,r suo. This is because there are two types of verbs in Arusian. There are subject-focus verbs in that end in r (these could also be verbs for indirect objects) and there are object-focus verbs that end in ,r s
A mother gives milk to a child.
. cuP rt cal rce,ad aM .h SVO
mother giving-VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb milk toward.VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb child
/ma de:kɜ lak tɜ puk/
. ,r sce,ad u cuP rt cal as aM .h SOV
mother COPCopula
used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate.ADJAdjectival
syntactic milk toward.VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb child COPCopula
used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate.ADVAdverbial
e.g. English '-ly' giving-VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb.OBJObject (argument)
/ma sa lak tɜ puk u de:ks ɛ/
. rce,ad aM as u cuP rt cal .h OSV
milk toward.VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJAdjectival
syntactic etc into verb child COPCopula
used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate.ADVAdverbial
e.g. English '-ly'-COPCopula
used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate.ADJAdjectival
syntactic mother giving-VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJAdjectival
syntactic etc into verb
/lak tɜ puk u sa ma de:kɜ/
. aM ,r sce,ad u cuP rt cal .h OVS
milk toward.VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb child COPCopula
used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate.ADVAdverbial
e.g. English '-ly' giving-VBZVerbaliser
converts N, ADJ etc into verb.OBJObject (argument) mother
/lak tɜ puk u de:ks ɛ ma/
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