Pronouns
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A description of the pronominal system in Evansk
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 15 Apr 2014, 08:03.
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1. A Short Dialog
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3. Inn Deoror Kweððen
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2. All that is gold
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4. Bhagavad Gita
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5. Blade Runner
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6. Making a mistake
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1. Common Names
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Evvānsk has pronouns which are inflected for number, case, and gender (in the 3rd person). The pronouns follow a fairly simple pattern, and there is a distinction between formal and informal in the 2nd person.First, the nominative pronouns:
Person | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
1st | ič | čov |
2nd | eð, jei | þor, jov |
3rd | he, šeo, kjo | fjor, šeov, fjor |
Next, the accusative pronouns:
Person | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
1st | ičum | čfimm |
2nd | eðum, jeium | þorimm, jovimm |
3rd | heom, šeom, kjom | fjorimm, šeovimm, fjorimm |
And the dative pronouns:
Person | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
1st | ičen | čfen |
2nd | eðen, jeien | þoren, joven |
3rd | hen, šeon, kjon | fjoren, šeoven, fjoren |
Finally, we have the genitive pronouns, also known as possessive pronouns.
Person | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
1st | minn | finn |
2nd | þinn, jinn | þorinn, jovinn |
3rd | hinn, šenn, kjinn | fir, xir, fir |
These genitive pronouns take endings based on the case of their referent. However, they decline slightly differently from normal case declinations. These pronouns are used only for the actual pronominal forms of the words, not for the adjectival forms. Adjectival forms do not decline on their own, but their referent takes the indefinite declination. For example, 'my dog' accusative plural would be minn hundjovm, not minvimm hundvimm (though that form isn't strictly wrong, it's more poetic and not used in normal language).
Person | Nom.Sg | Acc.Sg | Dat.Sg | Gen.Sg | Nom.Pl | Acc.Pl | Dat.Pl | Gen.Pl |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st Sing | minn | minnum | minnen | minnor | minv | minvimm | minven | minvor |
2nd Fr | þinn | þinnum | þinnen | þinnor | þinv | þinvimm | þinven | þinvor |
2nd Pol | jinn | jinnum | jinnen | jinnor | jinv | jinvimm | jinven | jinvor |
3rd Masc | hinn | hinnum | hinnen | hinnor | hinv | hinvimm | hinven | hinvor |
3rd Fem | šenn | šennum | šennen | šennor | šenv | šenvimm | šenven | šenvor |
3rd Neut | kjinn | kjinnum | kjinnen | kjinnor | kjinv | kjinvimm | kjinven | kjinvor |
1st Plur | finn | finnum | finnen | finnor | finv | finvimm | finven | finvor |
2nd Plur Fr | þorinn | þorinnum | þorinnen | þorinnor | þorinv | þorinvimm | þorinven | þorinvor |
2nd Plur Pol | jovinn | jovinnum | jovinnen | jovinnor | jovinv | jovinvimm | jovinven | jovinvor |
3rd Plur Masc | fir | firum | firen | firor | fīrv | fīrvimm | fīrven | fīrvor |
3rd Plur Fem | xir | xirum | xiren | xiror | xīrv | xīrvimm | xīrven | xīrvor |
3rd Plur Neut | fir | firum | firen | firor | fīrv | fīrvimm | fīrven | fīrvor |
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