Proto-Akali-Emisian Verb Structure
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This public article was written by [Deactivated User] on 4 May 2017, 23:28.
[comments] pke
?FYI...
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Proto-Akali-Emisian verbs can be extremely long and complex, and cannot be entirely contained within grammar tables without creating dozens of mostly redundant grammar tables. As such, I use them only to keep a reference of the various affixes; how they are attached to a verb is described here.variant|pluractionality|pronominal(dat)|pronominal(erg)|incorporated object(acc)|valency|mood|stem|pronominal(abs)
Now, there are several things to note about this. Firstly, the pronominals. These affixes are the closest thing to pronouns that exist in
Proto-Akali-Emisian, as it does not have independent pronouns. Independent pronouns have been developed separately in different branches of the family. All pronominals are mandatory if such an object exists in the clause, in any form. The absolutive pronoun in mandatory for all verbs, including those with incorporated objects.Secondly, the valency and mood slots. The mood slot must always be filled, and has seventeen distinct affixes. If valency is silent, it indicates active voice; other options include passive, antipassive, causative, and several applicatives.
Thirdly, incorporated objects. These can only exist in transitive or ditransitive sentences, and are what one might think of as accusative.
Finally, pluractionality and variants. Pluractionality could be considered simply a variant, but I label it here as distinct because it can coexist with other variants, something that true variants cannot do. Pluractionality is either present or not, and is fairly simple. There are quite a number of variants, however, each distinct in some way. Fundamentally, though, their purpose is to modify the verb in some way. Often they are added and grammaticized from nouns, and it is believed that the distinct variants in diferent dialects had a significant affect on the evolution of verbs.
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