Yana [YANA]
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Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 7 December 2020
Language type
Other
Species
Human/humanoid
About Yana
Unlike my other conlangs (which are less complete as compared to this one) which I am trying to make naturalistic, this one is free of such limitations. I intended to create this language for my own amusement and, therefore, will have many grammatical nuances and I am going to do so many things that many conlangers on YouTube tell you not to. Compared to my other conlangs, this one has a huge amount of phonemes, cases, tenses, aspects, moods, and whatnot (not sure about the genders anymore).
(Under grammatical reconstruction)
(Under grammatical reconstruction)
Sample of Yana[view] ṣȧnanad rumatozȧt. nȧsanat samatozȧt. tɑ̈t sasvɑthı̇tanad'd yɑ̈d mɑfatozȧt.
Life is pleasant. Death is peaceful. It's the transition that's troublesome.[view all texts]
Life is pleasant. Death is peaceful. It's the transition that's troublesome.[view all texts]
Language family relationships
Phonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | Glottal | ||||||||||
| Nasal | m | [n̪]1 | n | ɳ | [ɲ]2 | [ŋ]3 | ||||||||||||||
| Plosive | p pʰ | b bʱ | t̪ t̪ʰ | d̪ d̪ʱ | ʈ ʈʰ | ɖ ɖʱ | c cʰ | ɟ ɟʱ | k kʰ | g gʱ | ||||||||||
| Fricative | f | s [s̪]4 | z [z̪]5 | ʂ | ʐ | ɕ | ʑ | x | h | |||||||||||
| Affricate | t͡s t͡sʰ | d͡z d͡zʱ | ʈ͡ʂ ʈ͡ʂʰ | ɖ͡ʐ ɖ͡ʐʱ | t͡ɕ t͡ɕʰ | d͡ʑ d͡ʑʱ | ||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l [l̪]6 | ɭ | ʎ | |||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | ʋ | ɻ | j | w | ||||||||||||||||
| Trill | r | |||||||||||||||||||
| Flap | [ɾ]7 | |||||||||||||||||||
- allophone of /m/ or /n/ before dentals
- allophone of /m/ or /n/ before palatals
- allophone of /m/ before velars
- allophone of /s/ before dentals
- allophone of /z/ before dentals
- allophone of /l/ before dentals
- allophone of /r/ between vowels
| Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
| Close | i i: î: í: ǐ: í | u u: û: ú: ǔ: ú | ||||
| Close-mid | e e: ê: é: ě: é | o o: ô: ó: ǒ: ó | ||||
| Mid | ə ə: ə̂: ə́: ə̌: ə́ | |||||
| Open | ä ä: ä̂: ä́: ä̌: ä́ | |||||
| Polyphthongs | əu əû əú əǔ | əi əî əí əǐ |
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Yana. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
 YanaOrthography | |||||||||
| '// | a/ä/ | à/ä̂:/ | á/ä̌:/ | ā/ä:/ | ȧ/ä́/ | ä/ä́:/ | b/b/ | bh/bʱ/ | c/t͡s/ |
| ć/t͡ɕ/ | ćh/t͡ɕʰ/ | ch/t͡sʰ/ | c̣/ʈ͡ʂ/ | c̣h/ʈ͡ʂʰ/ | d/d̪/ | ḍ/ɖ/ | dh/d̪ʱ/ | ḍh/ɖʱ/ | d́/ɟ/ |
| d́h/ɟʱ/ | e/e/ | è/ê:/ | é/ě:/ | ē/e:/ | ė/é/ | ë/é:/ | f/f/ | g/g/ | gh/gʱ/ |
| h/h/ | ı/i/ | ı̀/î:/ | ı́/ǐ:/ | ı̄/i:/ | ı̇/í/ | ı̈/í:/ | j/d͡z/ | jh/d͡zʱ/ | j̣/ɖ͡ʐ/ |
| j̣h/ɖ͡ʐʱ/ | k/k/ | kh/kʰ/ | ĺ/ʎ/ | l/l/ | ḷ/ɭ/ | l̠[l̪]1 | m/m/ | ṇ/ɳ/ | n/n/ |
| ṅ[ŋ]2 | ñ[ɲ]3 | n̠[n̪]4 | o/o/ | ò/ô:/ | ó/ǒ:/ | ō/o:/ | ȯ/ó/ | ö/ó:/ | p/p/ |
| ph/pʰ/ | ṛ/ɻ/ | r/r/ | s/s/ | ś/ɕ/ | ṣ/ʂ/ | s̠[s̪]5 | ṭ/ʈ/ | t/t̪/ | ṭh/ʈʰ/ |
| th/t̪ʰ/ | t́/c/ | t́h/cʰ/ | u/u/ | ù/û:/ | ú/ǔ:/ | ū/u:/ | u̇/ú/ | ü/ú:/ | v/ʋ/ |
| w/w/ | x/x/ | y/j/ | z/z/ | ẓ/ʐ/ | ź/ʑ/ | z̠[z̪]6 | ~/̃/ | ǝ/ə/ | ǝı/əi/ |
| ǝı̀/əî/ | ǝı́/əǐ/ | ǝı̈/əí/ | ǝu/əu/ | ǝù/əû/ | ǝú/əǔ/ | ǝü/əú/ | ǝ̀/ə̂:/ | ǝ́/ə̌:/ | ǝ̄/ə:/ |
| ǝ̇/ə́/ | ǝ̈/ə́:/ | ȷ́/d͡ʑ/ | ȷ́h/d͡ʑʱ/ | ɾ[ɾ]7 | |||||
| ✖ Unknown alphabetical order | |||||||||
- allophone of /l/ before dentals
- allophone of /m/ before velars
- allophone of /m/ or /n/ before palatals
- allophone of /m/ or /n/ before dentals
- allophone of /s/ before dentals
- allophone of /z/ before dentals
- allophone of /r/ between vowels
