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Xukaku [XKK]
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New 1 word Xukaku
Xukáku
[cukáku]
Registered by [Deactivated User] on 11 July 2017
Language type Not specified
Species Human/humanoid
About Xukaku The largest Dapen language, at least by area. Spoken in northwest Magali. Speakers often bilingual in Yavodna.
Name etymology: xu- is from Wa Ñi 'ti' (t > c before i, i > u before labial) and has shifted meaning from 'inalienable possessive particle' to 'in the manner of, in the language of'. káku means 'the maternal grandmothers' and is a reference to matrilineal descent and the complicated kinship systems of the (Grùku) Uxi-Dàxán, many of whom speak Xukaku and live in northwest Magali. It comes from 'paàp-wè' 'grandmothers-the', and p > kw > k as k > ʔ. Falling tone became high tone and low tone became mid at the end of a multisyllabic word. wè became `w > ɨw > u.
Grùk is from 'ŋèrup' meaning 'people' through g`rup > ɨgrùpɨ > ɨgrùkwɨ > grùku
Uxi is from 'xu-y' meaning 'at' and has become a genitive marker for people through xuyɨ > /xuci/ > uxi
Dàxán is from 'lòyax-re' meaning 'villages' through dàyaʔn > dàyáʔɨn > dàyáan > dàxán
<x> = /c~j/
<c> = /ɳɖ/
<d> = /nd/
Derivational morphology is mostly prefixing and inflectional is mostly suffixing. Xukaku is highly ergative both morphologically and syntactically. The verb-polarity-absolutive complex is a different word from the TAM.evidentiality complex although both are required in a sentence, and the position of the two verbal elements in a sentence relative to each other and to other words is highly complex and reflects both information structure and mode, as well as ergative principles in pivots and chaining. Noun classes are conservative but all suffixes.
Like the other Dapen languages, plays fast and loose with stops and glottals but has largely retained the Wa Ñi liquids completely intact. In common with Dapen+Mañi, nasal/oral weirdness. As with Yavodna and other langs of northern Magali, has an apical-laminal distinction in coronals, and no fricatives.
Three tones: high, mid, low. A good example of the simple tone systems found in the large region between Teixo's complex tonal system and Yavodna's tonelessness.
Sample of XukakuCan't find any yet.
Latest vocabulary
gbìnumone
Phonology
ConsonantsBilabialDentalAlveolarRetroflexPalatalLabio-
velar
Velar
Nasal m m̥ n̪ n̪̥ n n̥   ɲ ɲ̥   ŋ ŋ̥
Plosive p b t d   c ɟ   k g
Lateral approximant     l ɭ      
Approximant       ɻ j w  
Flap     ɾ        
Blends kp gb ŋm ŋm̥
VowelsThis table is empty.
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