Old Osveraali [OOV]
▲
3▲ 3 ▼ 0
Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 17 January 2019
+ shared with: [Deactivated User], [Deactivated User]
+ shared with: [Deactivated User], [Deactivated User]
Language type
A priori
Species
Human/humanoid
About Old Osveraali
The ancestor of Imperial Osveraali and, by extension, Modern Standard Osveraali.
Old Osveraali is the oldest attested stage of the Osveraalic branch, distinguished from other Greater Osveraali by a number of features that are also found in Imperial Osveraali and the modern Osveraalic languages:
- Loss of tense marking on verbs
- Tense-based word order, evolving from subordinate clauses replacing the future and narrative verb-fronting leading to VSO (past) SVO (present) and SOV (future), with intransitive verbs not distinguishing present and future
- Rhyme agreement, where the subject is distinguished from the object not by case but by the presence of the verb suffix duplicated on it
- Internally headed relative clauses
- A five-case system (common, genitive, dative, locative, ablative)
- A profusion of phrasal verbs that replace many inherited roots with constructions based on auxiliary verbs and nouns in location cases
- Merger of possessive suffixes into a possessive declension, whose suffixes are entirely different from the absolute declension
- Retention of the synthetic three-aspect system (perfective, imperfective, resultative)
- Prolific use of the subjunctive mood in all tenses, for a wide range of modalities as well as conditional clauses
Old Osveraali is the oldest attested stage of the Osveraalic branch, distinguished from other Greater Osveraali by a number of features that are also found in Imperial Osveraali and the modern Osveraalic languages:
- Loss of tense marking on verbs
- Tense-based word order, evolving from subordinate clauses replacing the future and narrative verb-fronting leading to VSO (past) SVO (present) and SOV (future), with intransitive verbs not distinguishing present and future
- Rhyme agreement, where the subject is distinguished from the object not by case but by the presence of the verb suffix duplicated on it
- Internally headed relative clauses
- A five-case system (common, genitive, dative, locative, ablative)
- A profusion of phrasal verbs that replace many inherited roots with constructions based on auxiliary verbs and nouns in location cases
- Merger of possessive suffixes into a possessive declension, whose suffixes are entirely different from the absolute declension
- Retention of the synthetic three-aspect system (perfective, imperfective, resultative)
- Prolific use of the subjunctive mood in all tenses, for a wide range of modalities as well as conditional clauses
Language family relationships
Language treeOsveraali
⤷
Proto-Osveraali
⤷
Greater Osveraali
⤷ Osveraalic
⤷
Old Osveraali
⤷
Proto-Osveraali⤷
Greater Osveraali⤷ Osveraalic
⤷
Old Osveraali[view] About OsveraaliThe Osveraali languages are native to the continent of Atsiq, where they account for more than ninety-five percent of speakers. Traits shared by most Osveraali languages include large vowel inventories, retroflex consonants, fusional suffixing morpho...
Phonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post- Alveolar | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||||||||||||||||
| Plosive | p | b | t | d | k | g | q | ʔ | ||||||||||||
| Fricative | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | ʃ | ʒ | x | ɣ | h | |||||||||
| Affricate | t͡s | d͡z | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | ||||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | l | ʎ | ʟ | |||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | j | w | ||||||||||||||||||
| Trill | ʀ | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
| Close | i i: | ɨ | ɯ ɯ: | u u: | ||
| Close-mid | e: | ø: | o: | |||
| Open-mid | ɛ | œ | ɔ | |||
| Near-open | æ | ɐ ɐ: | ||||
| Open | ɑ | |||||
| Polyphthongs | ɐɛ | ɐi | ɐu | ui |
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Old Osveraali. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
| Old OsveraaliOrthography [edit] | ||||||||||
| '/ʔ/ | Aa/ɐ/ | Ăă/æ/ | Ää/ɑ/ | Áá/ɐ:/ | AE ae/ɐɛ/ | AI ai/ɐi/ | AU au/ɐu/ | Bb/b/ | Cc/t͡s/ | Čč/t͡ʃ/ |
| Dd/d/ | Ḍḍ/ð/ | Ẻẻ/ø:/ | Éé/e:/ | Ee/ɛ/ | Ẹẹ/œ/ | Ff/f/ | Gg/g/ | Hh/h/ | Íí/i:/ | Ii/i/ |
| Jj/j/ | Kk/k/ | Ll/l/ | Ĺĺ/ʎ/ | Mm/m/ | Ņņ/ŋ/ | Nn/n/ | Óó/o:/ | Oo/ɔ/ | Pp/p/ | Qq/q/ |
| Rr/ɣ/ | Šš/ʃ/ | Ss/s/ | Tt/t/ | Ṭṭ/θ/ | Úú/u:/ | Uu/u/ | Ủủ/ɯ:/ | Ụụ/ɯ/ | UI ui/ui/ | Vv/v/ |
| Ww/w/ | Xx/x/ | Yy/ɨ/ | Zz/z/ | Żż/d͡z/ | Ʀʀ/ʀ/ | Ʒʒ/ʒ/ | Ǯǯ/d͡ʒ/ | ʟ/ʟ/ | ||
| ✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change] | ||||||||||
