Old Thargian [OIT]
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[Deactivated User] on 20 January 2019
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+ shared with: [Deactivated User], [Deactivated User]
Language type
A priori
Species
Human/humanoid
About Old Thargian
The oldest attested Thargic language and common ancestor to Modern Thargian, Qotsian and Siqian, Old Thargian was spoken in western Atsiq from about 800 to 1300 CE. Phonologically, it is notable for its extreme conservatism, preserving many of the vowel distinctions of Greater Osveraali that other languages have levelled. Its consonant inventory is more innovative and represents the other instance of development of retroflex consonants on Atsiq, besides Old Shyorian.
Old Thargian morphology, quite differently from Old Osveraali, is still close Greater Osveraali; it lacks most of the typical traits of modern Thargic languages such as aspect-marking clitic pronouns, reflexive verbs, nasal vowels and large case inventories. The verbal tense and aspect distinctions are only partially collapsed and in places rebuilt with auxiliaries. It also retains the contrast between nominative and accusative but does not show any trace of possessive noun inflection.
The oldest texts are from the early eleventh century, written in the Osveraali alphabet. A local literary tradition that would adapt the script to accommodate Thargic phonology evolved over the next century and contributed greatly to making the Thargic-speaking lands the third centre of power on medieval Atsiq before their absorption into the Osveraali Empire in the fifteenth century.
Old Thargian morphology, quite differently from Old Osveraali, is still close Greater Osveraali; it lacks most of the typical traits of modern Thargic languages such as aspect-marking clitic pronouns, reflexive verbs, nasal vowels and large case inventories. The verbal tense and aspect distinctions are only partially collapsed and in places rebuilt with auxiliaries. It also retains the contrast between nominative and accusative but does not show any trace of possessive noun inflection.
The oldest texts are from the early eleventh century, written in the Osveraali alphabet. A local literary tradition that would adapt the script to accommodate Thargic phonology evolved over the next century and contributed greatly to making the Thargic-speaking lands the third centre of power on medieval Atsiq before their absorption into the Osveraali Empire in the fifteenth century.
Sample of Old Thargian[view] Ha ucï sus, èl ucï sug / Ha hẹpï sus, èl hẹpï sug / Ha ńịqï sus, èl ńịqï sug / Ha ḍuf fẹ'n sus, èl ḍuf fẹ'n sug
I am brown, you are brown / I am orange, you are orange / I am tan, you are tan / I have white eyes, you have white eyes[view all texts]
I am brown, you are brown / I am orange, you are orange / I am tan, you are tan / I have white eyes, you have white eyes[view all texts]
Language family relationships
Language treeOsveraali
⤷
Proto-Osveraali
⤷
Greater Osveraali
⤷ Thargic
⤷
Old Thargian
⤷
Proto-Osveraali⤷
Greater Osveraali⤷ Thargic
⤷
Old Thargian[view] About OsveraaliThe Osveraali languages are native to the continent of Atsiq, where they account for more than ninety-five percent of speakers. Traits shared by most Osveraali languages include large vowel inventories, retroflex consonants, fusional suffixing morpho...
Phonology
| Consonants | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo- palatal | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | Other | ||||||||||||
| Nasal | m (m:) | n | (ɳ) | (ɲ) | ŋ (ŋ:) | ɴ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Plosive | p | b | t | d | (ʈ) | (ɖ) | k (k:) | g (g:) | q | ɢ | ʔ | |||||||||||||
| Fricative | f | v | θ | ð | s | z | ʂ | ʐ | (ɕ)1 | (ʑ)2 | x (x:) | ɣ (ɣ:) | χ | ʁ | h | |||||||||
| Affricate | t͡s | d͡z | (ʈ͡ʂ) | (ɖ͡ʐ) | (t͡ɕ)3 | (d͡ʑ)4 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Lateral approximant | (ɭ) (ɭˠ) | ʎ | ʟ ʟʷ | ɫ ɫ˞ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Approximant | ɹ ɹʷ ɹ: | (ɻ) | j | w | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Blends | d͡ʐ | t͡ʂ |
- MOT
- MOT
- MOT
- MOT
| Vowels | Front | Near- front | Central | Near- back | Back | |||||
| Close | i (ĩ) | y | u (ũ) | |||||||
| Near-close | ɪ (ɪ̃) | (ʏ) | ʊ (ʊ̃) | |||||||
| Close-mid | e | ø | o | |||||||
| Mid | [e̞]1 | ə | [o̞]2 | |||||||
| Open-mid | ɛ (ɛ̃) | œ | ɔ (ɔ̃) | |||||||
| Near-open | [æ]3 | ɐ (ɐ̃) | ||||||||
| Open | a | ɒ | ||||||||
| Polyphthongs | oə | uə | əɪ | ɛə | əʊ | iə |
- When adjacent to velars or uvulars, allophone of /e/
- When adjacent to velars or uvulars, allophone of /o/
- When adjacent to velars or uvulars, allophone of /ɛ/
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Old Thargian. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
| Old ThargianOrthography [edit] | |||||||||
| '/ʔ/ | Aa/ə/ | Áá/ɐ/ | Àà/a/ | Ää/ɒ/ | Ãã/ɐ̃/1 | AI ai/əɪ/ | AU au/əʊ/ | Bb/b/ | Ćć/t͡ɕ/2 |
| Cc/t͡s/ | Čč/t͡ʂ/ | Çç/ʈ͡ʂ/3 | Ḍḍ/ð/ | Dd/d/ | DẐ dẑ/d͡ʑ/4 | Ẹẹ/œ/, [æ]5 | Èè/e/, [e̞]6 | Ee/ɛ/, [æ]7 | Ẽẽ/ɛ̃/8 |
| EA ea/ɛə/ | Ff/f/ | Gg/g/ | Ĝĝ/g:/9 | Ǵǵ/ɢ/ | Hh/h/ | Ïï/ɪ/ | Ĩĩ/ĩ/10 | Ịị/y/ | Ii/i/ |
| IA ia/iə/ | Jj/j/ | Kk/k/ | Ḱḱ/k:/11 | Ll/ɹ/ | Ḷḷ/ɫ/ | LJ lj/ʎ/ | LR lr/ɫ˞/ | LW lw/ʟʷ/ | Mm/m/ |
| Ḿḿ/m:/12 | Ņņ/ŋ/ | Nn/n/ | Ńń/ɴ/ | Õõ/ɔ̃/13 | Oo/o/, [o̞]14 | Òò/ɔ/ | OA oa/oə/ | Pp/p/ | Qq/q/ |
| QL ql/ʟ/ | QR qr/ɹ:/ | Rr/ʁ/ | Ṙṙ/ɣ/ | RJ rj/ʐ/ | R̄ r̄/ɣ:/15 | Ss/s/ | Šš/ʂ/ | Śś/ɕ/16 | Tt/t/ |
| Ṭṭ/θ/ | Üü/ʊ/ | Ũũ/ũ/17 | Uu/u/ | UA ua/uə/ | Vv/v/ | Ww/w/ | WR wr/ɹʷ/ | Ẋẋ/x/ | Xx/χ/ |
| X̋ x̋/x:/18 | Ÿÿ/ʊ̃/19 | Ỹỹ/ɪ̃/20 | Yy/ʏ/21 | Zz/z/ | Żż/d͡z/ | Źź/ɖ͡ʐ/22 | Ẑẑ/ʑ/23 | Ææ/æ/24 | Øø/ø/, [e̞]25 |
| Ŋŋ/ŋ:/26 | Ɖɖ/ɖ/27 | Ɲɲ/ɲ/28 | Ʈʈ/ʈ/29 | Ǯǯ/d͡ʐ/ | Ʒʒ/ʐ/ | ɭ/ɭ/30 | ɳ/ɳ/31 | ɻ/ɻ/32 | ˠ/ɭˠ/33 |
| ✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change] | |||||||||
- loan words only
- MOT, loan words only
- loan words only
- MOT, loan words only
- When adjacent to velars or uvulars
- When adjacent to velars or uvulars
- When adjacent to velars or uvulars
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- When adjacent to velars or uvulars
- loan words only
- MOT, loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- MOT, loan words only
- loan words only
- When adjacent to velars or uvulars
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
- loan words only
Latest 8 related articles listed below.
Old Thargian: Syntax
Notes on Old Thargian syntax
26-Jun-19 10:19
