Mbath [MBAT]
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Mbath
Mbath [ᵐbɒtʰx]*
Mbath [ᵐbɒtʰx]*
Registered by
[Deactivated User] on 28 December 2020
Language type
A priori
Species
Human/humanoid
Sample of MbathCan't find any yet.
Phonology
Consonants | Bilabial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Labio- velar | Velar | ||||||
Nasal | m | n | ɳ | |||||||||
Plosive | p pʰ1 | ᵐb | t tʰ2 | ⁿd | ʈ | ɖ | k kʰ3 | ᵑg | ||||
Fricative | s sʰ4 | ʂ | x5 | |||||||||
Affricate | t͡s | ʈ͡ʂ | ||||||||||
Lateral approximant | l | ɭ | ||||||||||
Approximant | ɻ | j | w |
- Aspiration is only realised in coda, in onset it instead results in vowel raising
- Aspiration is only realised in coda, in onset it instead results in vowel raising
- Aspiration is only realised in coda, in onset it instead results in vowel raising
- Aspiration is only realised in coda, in onset it instead results in vowel raising
- In coda
Vowels | Front | Central | Back | |||
Close | i | y | [ɨ]1 | [ɯ]2 | u | |
Close-mid | [e]3 | o | ||||
Mid | [ə]4 | |||||
Open-mid | ɛ | [ʌ]5 | ||||
Open | ɒ |
- Secondary stress, allophone of /i/
- After aspiration, allophone of /o/
- After aspiration, allophone of /ɛ/
- Fully unstressed, allophone of /i/
- After aspiration, allophone of /ɒ/
Other- Aspirated consonants are only realized with audible aspiration in coda position; however, an aspirated onset raises vowels as per the following scheme:
ɒ > ʌ; o > ɯ; ɛ > e
- The above vowel raising scheme also applies to syllables whose onset contains /ʃ/
- Unstressed [ʌ] is commonly realised as schwa, but not by all speakers
- Unstressed /i/ is realised as [ɨ], which is realised as schwa unless it carries secondary stress (constituents of compounds, incorporated nouns and some other morphological elements of verbs may carry secondary stress)
- Word-final schwa can be deleted
- /w/ and /j/ in coda can only follow the vowel directly, and they form the following diphthongs with the vowels:
j: [ɒ,ʌ]+ /j/ > [aɪ̯]; [o,u,ɯ] + /j/ > [ɔɪ̯]; [ɛ,e] + /j/ > [eɪ̯]; [i,y,ɨ] + /j/ > [i:] if stressed; otherwise [ɪi̯]
w: [ɛ,e] + /w/ > [eu̯]; [i,y,ɨ] + /w/ > /ju/; [ɯ,u] + /w/ > [u:] if stressed, [u] otherwiswe; [o,ʌ,ɒ] + /w/ > [aʊ̯] if stressed; otherwise [oʊ̯]
- /w/ is realised as [v] in onset; speakers in the “High South” area realise syllable-final /w/ as [f]
- Consonant assimilation rules, in sequence:
1. Geminate plain consonants block assimilation
2. Plain consonants assimilate next to aspirated consonants if possible (i.e. if they have an assimilated counterpart)
3. Plain consonants assimilate next to retroflex consonants if possible (i.e. if they have a retroflex counterpart)
ɒ > ʌ; o > ɯ; ɛ > e
- The above vowel raising scheme also applies to syllables whose onset contains /ʃ/
- Unstressed [ʌ] is commonly realised as schwa, but not by all speakers
- Unstressed /i/ is realised as [ɨ], which is realised as schwa unless it carries secondary stress (constituents of compounds, incorporated nouns and some other morphological elements of verbs may carry secondary stress)
- Word-final schwa can be deleted
- /w/ and /j/ in coda can only follow the vowel directly, and they form the following diphthongs with the vowels:
j: [ɒ,ʌ]+ /j/ > [aɪ̯]; [o,u,ɯ] + /j/ > [ɔɪ̯]; [ɛ,e] + /j/ > [eɪ̯]; [i,y,ɨ] + /j/ > [i:] if stressed; otherwise [ɪi̯]
w: [ɛ,e] + /w/ > [eu̯]; [i,y,ɨ] + /w/ > /ju/; [ɯ,u] + /w/ > [u:] if stressed, [u] otherwiswe; [o,ʌ,ɒ] + /w/ > [aʊ̯] if stressed; otherwise [oʊ̯]
- /w/ is realised as [v] in onset; speakers in the “High South” area realise syllable-final /w/ as [f]
- Consonant assimilation rules, in sequence:
1. Geminate plain consonants block assimilation
2. Plain consonants assimilate next to aspirated consonants if possible (i.e. if they have an assimilated counterpart)
3. Plain consonants assimilate next to retroflex consonants if possible (i.e. if they have a retroflex counterpart)
Orthography
Below is the orthography for Mbath. This includes all graphemes as defined in the language's phonology settings - excluding the non-distinct graphemes/polygraphs.
MbathOrthography [edit] | ||||||||
Aa/ɒ/ | Bb/p/ | Cc/t͡s/ | C̣ c̣/ʈ͡ʂ/ | Dd/t/ | Ee/ɛ/ | Gg/k/ | Hh/x/1 | Ii/i/ |
Jj/j/ | Kk/kʰ/2 | Ll/l/ | Mm/m/ | MB mb/ᵐb/ | Nn/n/ | ND nd/ⁿd/ | NG ng/ᵑg/ | Oo/o/ |
Pp/pʰ/3 | Rr/ɻ/ | Ṣṣ/ʂ/ | Ss/s/ | Tt/tʰ/4 | Üü/y/ | Uu/u/, [ɯ]5 | Ww/w/ | |
✖ Unknown alphabetical order [change] |
- In coda
- Aspiration is only realised in coda, in onset it instead results in vowel raising
- Aspiration is only realised in coda, in onset it instead results in vowel raising
- Aspiration is only realised in coda, in onset it instead results in vowel raising
- After aspiration