Phichene Adjectives
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Overview of Phichene adjectives.
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 7 Sep 2016, 12:13.
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3. Phichene Nouns
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4. Phichene Numerals
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5. Phichene Pronouns
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This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
This article is a work in progress! Check back later in case any changes have occurred.
Like nouns, adjectives inflect for gender, case and number - and they agree with their headword in all three categories as well. There are three main paradigms.
This is the most common paradigm and the majority of adjectives belong to this category.
chathas “clever” | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Masculine | Neuter | Feminine | Masculine | Neuter | Feminine | |
Nominative | chathas [ˈxavas] | catham [ˈxavan] | chathá [xaˈvɔa̯] | chathós [xaˈvɔu̯s] | cathá [xaˈvɔa̯] | chathás [xaˈvɔa̯s] |
Accusative | chatham [ˈxavan] | chathám [xaˈvɔa̯n] | chathonth [ˈxavɔf] | chathanth [ˈxavaf] | ||
Genitive | chathasi [ˈxavaʃ] | chathás [xaˈvɔa̯s] | chatham [ˈxavan] | chathárm [xaˈvɔa̯n] | ||
Dative | chathóe [xaˈvei̯] | chathái [xaˈvɔi̯] | chathies [ˈxai̯jɛs] | |||
Prepositional | chathódh [xaˈvɔu̯w] | chathádh [xaˈvɔe̯] |
I-stem adjectives are fewer in number and there is a greater degree of case syncretism present.
prighis “small” | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | prighis [ˈprifis] | prighi [ˈprifi] | prighés [priˈfɛa̯s] | prighiá [priˈfjɔa̯] | ||
Accusative | prighim [ˈprifin] | prighinth [ˈprifif] | ||||
Genitive | prighis [ˈprifis] | prighiam [ˈprifjan] | ||||
Dative | prighéi [priˈfei̯] | prighibs [ˈprifip] | ||||
Prepositional | prighídh [priˈfij] |
The comparative degree is formed by adding -iós to the adjectival stem. The comparative degree suffix causes palatalisation of the preceding consonant. Adjectives in the comparative degree are declined similarly to i-stem adjectives.
vhéras [ˈmɛa̯ras] “true” | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | vhériós [meˈʒɔu̯s] | vhériós [meˈʒɔu̯s] | vhérióris [meˈʒɔu̯ris] | vhérióriá [meʒoˈʒɔa̯] | ||
Accusative | vhériórim [meˈʒɔu̯rin] | vhériórinth [meˈʒɔu̯rif] | ||||
Genitive | vhérióris [meˈʒɔu̯ris] | vhérióriam [meˈʒɔu̯ʒan] | ||||
Dative | vhérióréi [meʒoˈʒei̯] | vhérióribs [meˈʒɔu̯rip] | ||||
Prepositional | vhériórídh [meʒoˈʒij] |
The superlative degree is formed by suffixing -ihmas to the stem. Adjectives in the superlative degree are declined like a-stem adjectives.
There are two different systems of stress in the superlative degree:
- type I: adjectives with a long vowel in the original stem keep their stress on that syllable (and change it regularly as in a-stem adjectives);
- type II: adjectives with a short vowel in the original stem change their stress to the first syllable of the superlative suffix (and then change it regularly in certain forms, as before).
Type I: phihénas [ˈfjɛa̯nas] “full” | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Masculine | Neuter | Feminine | Masculine | Neuter | Feminine | |
Nominative | phihénihmas [ˈfjɛa̯nimas] | phihénihman [ˈfjɛa̯niman] | phihénihmá [fjeniˈmɔa̯] | phihénihmós [fjeniˈmɔu̯s] | phihénihmá [fjeniˈmɔa̯] | phihénihmás [fjeniˈmɔa̯s] |
Accusative | phihénihman [ˈfjɛa̯niman] | phihénihmán [fjeniˈmɔa̯n] | phihénihmonth [ˈfjɛa̯nimɔf] | phihénihmanth [ˈfjɛa̯nimaf] | ||
Genitive | phihénihmasi [ˈfjɛa̯nimaʃ] | phihénihmás [fjeniˈmɔa̯s] | phihénihmam [ˈfjɛa̯niman] | phihénihmárm [fjeniˈmɔa̯n] | ||
Dative | phihénihmóe [fjeniˈmei̯] | phihénihmái [fjeniˈmɔi̯] | phihénihmies [ˈfjɛa̯nimjɛs] | |||
Prepositional | phihénihmódh [fjeniˈmɔu̯w] | phihénihmádh [fjeniˈmɔe̯] |
Type II: holmas [ˈɔu̯mas] “warm” | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Masculine | Neuter | Feminine | Masculine | Neuter | Feminine | |
Nominative | holmihmas [uˈmʊi̯mas] | holmihman [uˈmʊi̯man] | holmihmá [umiˈmɔa̯] | holmihmós [umiˈmɔu̯s] | holmihmá [umiˈmɔa̯] | holmihmás [umiˈmɔa̯s] |
Accusative | holmihman [uˈmʊi̯man] | holmihmán [umiˈmɔa̯n] | holmihmonth [uˈmʊi̯mɔf] | holmihmanth [uˈmʊi̯maf] | ||
Genitive | holmihmasi [uˈmʊi̯maʃ] | holmihmás [umiˈmɔa̯s] | holmihmam [uˈmʊi̯man] | holmihmárm [umiˈmɔa̯n] | ||
Dative | holmihmóe [umiˈmei̯] | holmihmái [umiˈmɔi̯] | holmihmies [uˈmʊi̯mjɛs] | |||
Prepositional | holmihmódh [umiˈmɔu̯w] | holmihmádh [umiˈmɔe̯] |
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