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Phichene Nouns
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Overview of the nominal declension
This public article was written by [Deactivated User], and last updated on 4 Jun 2023, 11:00.

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Menu 1. A-stem nouns 2. O-stem nouns 3. Consonant-stem e-stems 4. Consonant-stem r-stems 5. Consonant-stem s-stem 6. I-stem nouns 7. U-stem nouns
Nouns in Phichene inflect for gender, number and case. There are three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter; two numbers: singular and plural; and there are five cases: nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and prepositional. There are several declensional paradigms.

[edit] [top]A-stem nouns

A-stem nouns are mostly feminine and they end in -á or -a.

Casevopá (f) “stream”hémela (f) “woman”
SingularPluralSingularPlural
Nominative vopá [voˈpɔa̯]vopás [voˈpɔa̯s]hémela [ˈɪ̯ɛmela]hémelás [emeˈlɔa̯s]
Accusative vopám [voˈpɔa̯n]vopanth [ˈvɔpaf]hémelám [emeˈlɔa̯n]hémelanth [ˈɪ̯ɛmelaf]
Genitive vopás [voˈpɔa̯s]vopárm [voˈpɔa̯n]hémelás [emeˈlɔa̯s]hémelárm [emeˈlɔa̯n]
Dative vopái [voˈpɔi̯]vopies* [ˈvɔpʲɛs]hémelái [emeˈlɔi̯]hémelies* [ˈɪ̯ɛmelʲɛs]
Prepositional vopádh [voˈpɔe̯]hémeládh [emeˈlɔe̯]


[edit] [top]O-stem nouns

O-stem nouns are mostly masculine and neuter but there are a few feminine ones as well. If masculine or feminine, they end in -as, and if neuter, they end in -am.

Casevachnas (m) “year”tólam (n) “gift”tomas (f) “home”
SingularPluralSingularPluralSingularPlural
Nominative vachnas [ˈvaxnas]vachnós [vaxˈnɔu̯s]tólam [ˈtɔu̯lan]tólá [toˈlɔa̯]tomas [ˈtomas]tomós [toˈmɔu̯s]
Accusative vachnam [ˈvaxnan]vachnonth [ˈvaxnɔf]tomam [ˈtoman]tomonth [ˈtomɔf]
Genitive vachnasi [ˈvaxnaʃ]vachnam [ˈvaxnan]tólasi [ˈtɔu̯laʃ]tólam [ˈtɔu̯lan]tomasi [ˈtomaʃ]toman [ˈtoman]
Dative vachnóe [vaxˈnei̯]vachnies* [ˈvaʃnʲɛs]tólóe [toˈlei̯]tólies* [ˈtɔu̯lʲɛs]tomóe [toˈmei̯]tomies* [ˈtomʲɛs]
Prepositional vachnódh [vaxˈnɔu̯w]tólódh [toˈlɔu̯w]tomódh [toˈmɔu̯w]


[edit] [top]Consonant-stem e-stems

Consonants-stem nouns can be of any gender and they end in a variety of consonants. There are several subtypes of this declension. This group includes many irregular nouns.

E-stems
AS/ER-stemS/R-stemO/EN-stemAR/EN-stemÓ/EL-stemIN/EL-stemZero-stem
techas (n)valbós (m)nháthiho (f)tiepar (n)iemó (m)lómin (n)hór (m)
“dignity”“tree”“family”“liver”“human”“name”“thief”
SINGULAR
Nominative techas [ˈtexas]valbós [vɔˈbɔu̯s]nháthiho [ˈnɔ̯aʒo]tiepar [ˈt͡ʃepar]iemó [jɛˈmɔu̯]lómin [ˈlɔu̯min]hór [ɔ̯ur]
Accusative valbórm [vɔˈbɔu̯n]nháthihenim [ˈnɔ̯aʒenin]iemelim [ˈjɛmelin]lómelim [ˈlɔu̯melin]hórim [ˈɔ̯urim]
Genitive techers [ˈtexeʃ]valbórs [vɔˈbɔu̯ʃ]nháthihenis [ˈnɔ̯aʒenis]tiepenis [ˈt͡ʃepenis]iemelis [ˈjɛmelis]lómelis [ˈlɔu̯melis]hóris [ˈɔ̯uris]
Dative techeréi [texeˈrɛi̯]valbóréi [vɔboˈrɛi̯]nháthihenéi [ɲaʒeˈnɛi̯]tiepenéi [t͡ʃepeˈnɛi̯]iemeléi [jɛmeˈlɛi̯]lómeléi [lomeˈlɛi̯]hóréi [oˈrɛi̯]
Prepositional techerídh [texeˈʒij]valbórídh [vɔboˈʒij]nháthihenídh [ɲaʒeˈnij]tiepenídh [t͡ʃepeˈnij]iemelídh [jɛmeˈlij]lómelídh [lomeˈlij]hórídh [oˈʒij]
PLURAL
Nominative techerá [texeˈrɔa̯]valbórs [vɔˈbɔu̯ʃ]nháthihenis [ˈnɔ̯aʒenis]tiepená [t͡ʃepeˈnɔa̯]iemelis [ˈjɛmelis]lómelis [ˈlɔu̯melis]hóris [ˈɔ̯uris]
Accusative valbórenth [vɔˈbɔu̯rɛf]nháthihenenth [ˈnɔ̯aʒenɛf]iemelenth [ˈjɛmelɛf]lómelenth [ˈlɔu̯melɛf]hórenth [ˈɔ̯urɛf]
Genitive techeram [ˈtexeran]valbóram [vɔˈbɔu̯ran]nháthihenam [ˈnɔ̯aʒenan]tiepenam [ˈt͡ʃepenan]iemelam [ˈjɛmelan]lómelam [ˈlɔu̯melan]hóram [ˈɔ̯uran]
Dative techeras [ˈtexeras]valbóras [vɔˈbɔu̯ras]nháthihenas [ˈnɔ̯aʒenas]tiepenas [ˈt͡ʃepenas]iemelas [ˈjɛmelas]lómelas [ˈlɔu̯melas]hóras [ˈɔ̯uras]
Prepositional


E-stems
AS/ER-stemS/R-stemO/EN-stemAR/EN-stemÓ/EL-stemIN/EL-stemZero-stemIrregular
cenas (n) “type”
hachnas (n) “action”
holcas (n) “lightning”
moelas (n) “service”
rovhas (n) “countryside”
techas (n) “dignity”
tiovhas (n) “law”
vahas (n) “bronze”
vhenas (f) “love”
liós (m) “flower”
sfés (f) “hope”
valbós (m) “tree”
vhodós (f) “dawn”
chráfro (m) “hornet”
nháthiho (f) “family”
tiepar (n) “liver”
hemar* (n) “thigh”
iemó (m) “human”lómin (n) “name”hór (m) “thief”
nér (m) “leader”
bós (f) “cow”
tius (m) “day”
vhís (f) “strength”


* Note: inflected forms of hemar actually contain the suffix -el rather than -en because of the nasal in the root.

[edit] [top]Consonant-stem r-stems


R-stems
ÉR/R-stemER/R-stemÓR/R-stemD/NH-stemT/NH-stemÓ/N-stem
huchthér (f)máther (f)sfefór (f)vhedar (n)vutar (n)charó (f)
“daughter”“mother”“sister”“spring”“water”“meat”
SINGULAR
Nominative huchthér [uˈʃɛa̯r]máther [ˈmɔ̯aver]sfefór [ʃeˈfɔu̯r]vhedar [ˈmedar]vutar [ˈvutar]charó [xaˈrɔu̯]
Accusative huchthrim [ˈuʃrin]máthrim [ˈmɔ̯avrin]sféfrim [ˈʃɛfrin]charnim [ˈxaɲin]
Genitive huchthris [ˈuʃris]máthris [ˈmɔ̯avris]sfefris [ˈʃɛfris]vhenhis [ˈmɛɲis]vunhis [ˈvuɲis]charnis [ˈxaɲis]
Dative huchthréi [uʃˈrɛi̯]máthréi [mavˈrɛi̯]sfefréi [ʃefˈrɛi̯]vhenhéi [meˈɲɛi̯]vunhéi [vuˈɲɛi̯]charnim [xaˈɲɛi̯]
Prepositional huchthrídh [uˈʒːij]máthrídh [mavˈʒij]sfefrídh [ʃevˈʒij]vhenhídh [meˈɲij]vunhídh [vuˈɲij]charnídh [xaˈɲij]
PLURAL
Nominative huchthris [ˈuʃris]máthris [ˈmɔ̯avris]sfefris [ˈʃɛfris]vhenhá [meˈɲɔa̯]vunhá [vuˈɲɔa̯]charnis [ˈxaɲis]
Accusative huchthrenth [ˈuʃrɛf]máthrenth [ˈmɔ̯avrɛf]sfefrenth [ˈʃɛfrɛf]charnenth [ˈxaɲɛf]
Genitive huchthram [ˈuʃran]máthram [ˈmɔ̯avran]sfefram [ˈʃɛfran]vhenham [ˈmɛɲan]vunham [vuɲan]charnam [ˈxaɲan]
Dative huchthras [ˈuʃras]máthras [ˈmɔ̯avras]sfefras [ˈʃɛfras]vhenhas [ˈmɛɲas]vunhas [ˈvuɲas]charnas [ˈxaɲas]
Prepositional


[edit] [top]Consonant-stem s-stem


S-stems
H/CH-stemH/GH-stemZero-stem
liuhs (f)hlihs (f)vapiths (f)chaphith (n)
“light”“snow”“fir (tree)”“head”
SINGULAR
Nominative liuhs [ʒis]hlihs [lʊi̯s]vapiths [ˈvapiʃ]chaphith [ˈxafi]
Accusative liuchim [ˈʒixin]hlighim [ˈlifin]vapithim [ˈvapin]
Genitive liuchis [ˈʒixis]hlighis [ˈlifis]vapithis [ˈvapis]chaphithis [ˈxafis]
Dative liuchéi [ʒiˈxɛi̯]hlighéi [liˈfɛi̯]vapithéi [vapˈjɛi̯]chaphithéi [xafˈjɛi̯]
Prepositional liuchídh [ʒiˈʃij]hlighídh [liˈfij]vapithídh [vaˈpij]chaphithídh [xaˈfij]
PLURAL
Nominative liuchis [ˈʒixis]hlighis [ˈlifis]vapithis [ˈvapis]chaphithá [xafˈjɔa̯]
Accusative liuchenth [ˈʒixɛf]hlighenth [ˈlifɛf]vapithenth [ˈvapjɛf]
Genitive liucham [ˈʒixan]hligham [ˈlifan]vapitham [ˈvapjan]chaphitham [ˈxafjan]
Dative liuchas [ˈʒixas]hlighas [ˈlibas]vapithas [ˈvapjas]chaphithas [ˈxafjas]
Prepositional


Irregular: tenths (f) "tooth"

[edit] [top]I-stem nouns

I-stem nouns can belong to any gender, ending in -is if masculine or feminine, and -i if neuter. ****ADD FORMS WITH -ós****

Casevohthis (m) “guest”chlávhis (f) “key”meri (n) “sea”
SingularPluralSingularPluralSingularPlural
Nominative vohthis [ˈvɔu̯vis]vohthés [vuˈvɛa̯s]chlávhis [ˈʃɔa̯mis]chlávhés [ʃaˈmɛa̯s]meri [ˈmeri]mer* [meˈʒɔa̯]
Accusative vohthim [ˈvɔu̯vin]vohthinth [ˈvɔu̯vif]chlávim [ˈʃɔa̯min]chlávhinth [ˈʃɔa̯mif]
Genitive vohthis** [ˈvɔu̯vis]vohthiam* [ˈvɔu̯vʲan]chlávhis** [ˈʃɔa̯mis]chlávhiam* [ˈʃɔa̯mʲan]meris** [ˈmeʒis]meriam* [meˈʒan]
Dative vohthéi [vuˈvɛi̯]vohthibs [ˈvɔu̯vip]chlávhéi [ʃaˈmɛi̯]chlávhibs [ˈʃɔa̯mip]meréi [meˈrɛi̯]meribs [ˈmerip]
Prepositional vohthídh** [vuˈvij]chlávhídh** [ʃaˈmij]merídh** [meˈʒij]


A special subset of i-stem nouns are agent nouns ending in -thor or -tor and -thrihs.
Casevhénáthor (m) “male hunter”vhénáthrihs (f) “female hunter”
SingularPluralSingularPlural
Nominative vhénáthor [maˈnɔa̯vor]vhénáthórés [manɔvuˈrɛa̯s]vhénáthrihs [maˈnɔa̯vriʃ]vhénáthríchés [manɔvriˈxɛa̯s]
Accusative vhénáthórim [manɔˈvɔu̯rin]vhénáthórinth [manɔˈvɔu̯rif]vhénáthríchim [manɔˈvrɯi̯xin]vhénáthríchinth [manɔˈvrɯi̯xif]
Genitive vhénáthóris [manɔˈvɔu̯ris]vhénáthóriam [manɔˈvɔu̯ʒan]vhénáthríchis [manɔˈvrɯi̯xis]vhénáthríchiam [manɔˈvrɯi̯çan]
Dative vhénáthóréi [manɔvuˈrɛi̯]vhénáthóribs [manɔˈvɔu̯rip]vhénáthríchéi [manɔvriˈxɛi̯]vhénáthríchibs [manɔˈvrɯi̯xip]
Prepositional vhénáthórídh [manɔvuˈrij]vhénáthríchídh [manɔvriˈxij]


[edit] [top]U-stem nouns

U-stem nouns can also be of any gender. They end in -is if masculine or feminine, and in -i if neuter (their nominative singular forms are identical to those of i-stem nouns).

Caseciuhthis (m) “taste”malis (f) “hand”biri (n) “spit”
SingularPluralSingularPluralSingularPlural
Nominative ciuhthis [ˈt͡ʃijis]ciuhthiús [t͡ʃiˈjis]malis [ˈmalis]maliús [maˈlis]biri [ˈbiri]birá [biˈrɔa̯]
Accusative ciuhthim [ˈt͡ʃijin]ciuhthunth [ˈt͡ʃivuf]malim [ˈmalin]malunth [ˈmaluf]
Genitive ciuhthius* [ˈt͡ʃijis]ciuhthum [ˈt͡ʃivun]malius* [ˈmalʲis]malum [ˈmalun]birius* [ˈbiʒis]birum [ˈbirun]
Dative ciuhthéi [t͡ʃiˈjɛi̯]ciuhthubs [ˈt͡ʃivup]maléi [maˈlɛi̯]malubs [ˈmalup]biréi [biˈrɛi̯]birubs [ˈbirup]
Prepositional ciuhthúdh [t͡ʃiˈvʊo̯]malúdh [maˈlʊo̯]birúdh [biˈrʊo̯]


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