Droppa Verbal morphology: view article

:

Subject:
- 1st sg: -a/-ya/-ae/-yae
- 2nd sg: -m(a/ae)/-im(a/ae)
- 3rd sg: -t(a/ae)
- 1sg pl: -nee/-nie (from proto -noi, the original form is -net)
- 2nd pl: -mee/-mie (from proto -moi, the original form is -met)
- 3rd pl: -te/-ti
- 3rd unspecified: -Ø

Object:
- 1st sg: -ne/-ni
- 2nd sg: -me/-mi
- 3rd sg: -Ø
- 1sg pl: -nen/-nin (from proto -noi-n, the original form is -nen)
- 2nd pl: -men/-min (from proto -moi-n, the original form is -men)
- 3rd pl: -nten/-ntin
- 3rd unspecified: -Ø

[edit] [top]TAM

Realis:
- present: -Ø
- present continuous: -n
- present progressive: -nta/-ntae
- past imperfective: -se/-si
- past perfective: -la/-lae
- future: -l

Irrealis:
- subjunctive: -(r)o/-(r)u
- conditional: -(r)ol/-(r)ul (from proto-Droppa wel- "to say, speak")
- imperative: -e/-i
- potential: -no/=nu
- jussive: -(r)on/-(r)un (from proto-Droppa Hwen- "to owe", root extension of Hew- "to lack")
- necessitative: -saa/-suu (from proto-Droppa seH2- "to need")
- desiderative:
— 1st person desiderative: -ke/-ki (from proto-Droppa kei- "to want", the original form is -ke)
— 2nd/3rd person desiderative: -kaa/-kuu (from older *-kaya, from proto-Droppa kei-eH "seem to want")

(note: some verbs have different bases for perfective and imperfective, for these verbs, the perfective base is used for past perfective and future, and the imperfective base is used for all other TAM forms)

[edit] [top]Extensions

Stem Extensions are seen as a part of the stem and are seen as derivational affixes, the order between the affixes can affect the meaning of the verb.

There are two category of extensions: voices and negation/potent. Below are the suffixes:

Voices:
- reflexive:
- reciprocal: -(i)k
- causative: -(i)mp
- passive: -(i)z
- repititve(from reciprocal + causative): -kimp

Negation/Potent:
- Impotential: -mo(r)
- Negation: -ma(r)
- Potential: -ko(r)

[edit] [top]Example

- Denpa - Denpa people
- Denpal - to become Denpa
- Denpalko - to be able to become Denpa
- Denpalma - to not become Denpa
- Denpalmako - to be able to not become Denpa
- Denpalmakompa - someone makes (someone) to be able to not become Denpa
- Denpalmakompuya - I would make someone be able to not become Denpa
- Denpalmakompuyami - I would make you be able to not become Denpa

- taar - to stop
- taarma - to not stop
- taarmo - to be unable to stop
- taarmako - to be able to not stop
- taarmakompa - someone makes something be able to not stop
- taarmakompoya - I would make something be able to not stop
- taarmakompoyame - I would make you be able to not stop
- taarmakompokeya - I want to make something be able to not stop
- taarmakompokaam - you want to make something be able to not stop
- taarmakompokaamane - you want to make me be able to not stop
- taarmakompokaamanesa - do you want to make me be able to not stop?

- san - to look
- sankempa - someone investigates something
- sankempol - if someone investigates something
- sankempoltenen - if they investigates us ✎ Edit Article ✖ Delete Article

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